Grate bar



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v GRATE BAR Filed Oct.' 18, 1923 2 Sheets-Shes*v 2 j@ .Jr 7 v l E l 1 l l l l "121% Fe l l V /'I I a l k 7 l u J Ji Patented May 25, 1926.

UNTED STATES PATENT QFFlCE.

HENRY K. EILERS, OF PLAINFIELD, NEW JERSEY, AND MARQUIS H. LOCKWOOD, 0F

NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNORS TO PYRAMID IRCN :PRODUCTS CORPORATION, A COR- PORATION OF NEW YORK.

GRATE BAR.

Applcation led October 18, 1923. Serial No. 669,248.

Our invention relates more particularly to grate bars for boilers and furnaces to adapt them for the more efficient use of fine coal, either anthracite or bituminous. Our improvement is more specifically an improvement upon the grate bar shown and described in Patent No. 1,140,158 of May 18, 1915, to C. W. Hopes, and is intended to more efficiently operate in connection with the use of fine or low grade coal. In the Hopes patent, it will be noted that the air passages under the caps extend continuously under all of the caps in each direction, and, therefore, the currents of air coming under the caps encounters similar air currents from the adjoining caps and the air mushrooms up between the caps. The Hopes arrangement lends itself to irregular distribution of the air and, therefore, uneven burning of the coal. This will occur when an air passage between caps becomes slightly blockedby a `greater amount of coal, or for other reason, and offers more resistance to the passage of air; the air will then be diverted through a passage offering less resistance and in this way produce uneven burning.

The object, therefore, of our improvement is to provide a single air passage under each cap, so arranged that it is completely independent of the air passage of any other cap and compels a uniform supply of air over the entire grate, and prevents interference or irregular distribution of the air currents.

In gratos of this character, it is found in practicethat, due to the uneven combustion of the fuel, the caps may be burned olf or weakened to such an extent that it is desirable to replace them and, therefore, a further object of our improvement is to provide a grate bar of this character, with caps removably attached thereto, so that at any time the caps become burned to such an extent that a renewal thereof is desired,`it will not be necessary to renew the entire lgrate bar, but the yold caps can be replaced with new caps, each individually; attached by suitable means to. the-grate bar.

It will be understoodalso'that our improved gratebar construction-may be readily adapted for use in yconnection with; either hand fired boilers or furnaces, or with boilers fitted with mechanical stolers or traveling grams, of the usualV or: any: preferir-ed wirA struction.

feeding '1.011

For the purpose of illustration, We have shown in the accompanying drawings, the preferred form of our improved grate bar, together with modifications, but obviously, other modifications involving the same principle may be employed. Fig. 1 shows a plan view of a. grate bar embodying our improvement; 'Fig'. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of our improved grate bar, the section being taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. l; F ig. `3 is a transverse vertical section of thev grate bar on the line 3-3lof Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a fragmentary enlarged view of a portion of the grate bar in 'section under the caps, which are removed; Fig. 5 is -a plan View of a slight modification of our improved grate bar, in which the caps are shown in staggered relation; Fig. 6 is a vertical section of a portion of the grate bar of Fig. 5, on the line 6-6; Fig. 7 represents a transverse vert-ical section of the grate bar shown in Fig. 5 on the line 7-7 Fig. 8 is a fragmentary vertical section through a modified gratebar, arranged as in Figs. 1 to 4, except that the caps covering the air pafsages are removably attached to the body portion of the bar; Fig. 9 is a fragmentary horizontal section on the line 9 9 of Fig. S, and Fig. 10 is a. slight modification in the removable cap construction.

Referring to the drawings, it will be seen that your improved grate bar comprises a body port-ion 1, provided with a plurality of perforations 2, forming vertical air passages therethrough. The vertical air passages 2 may be of any desired size and arranged in any suitable manner, according to the requirements of any particular grate construction but are preferably arranged in longitudinal and transverse rows asindicated inFig. 1 ofthe drawings. Each of the perforations or ,verticall air passages 2 (is covered by va cap 3 which-'forms the' upper wall of single transverse air passage 4, communicating with the vertical air passage 2, between Walls e, andy extendsjhorizontally substantially at right; angles. thereto. p

'The 'gratie baisser be aast with "the sans integral `'with the bodyl portion las"sh'iwn 'in Fissl. t0 .3, avhih tasje the .cars-are Sepa- -atd and defned hav-sleeves 'eiland e2;-

I@ @Haal-1y.; and. transversely? 0f flwf-srata-bea. ere-:Particularly Seen in of the dravi'rings.-v The outlet lends of the horizontal air passa ges d, under the caps 3 open into one or the other of the V- grooves 5 and G and therefore, discharge air into the Vgroove, against the inclined side wall thereof; the latter forming the wall la of the transverse air passage of the cent cap. in other words, in this ferm, each cap covers a single transverse air passage in communication with a vertical air passage and the transverse air passages of adjacent caps are at right :ingles to each other. By this arrangement, it will be seni that the discharge of air from the openings T of the transverse passage of each cap, is entirely independent of the air discharge from surrounding adjacent caps.

ln order to facilitate the discharge of air from the vertical air passages 2, the lower wall 8 of the transverse air passage e, on each side of the perforations preferably beveled, or inclined, as indicated in Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings. By making the grooves 5 and 6 between the caps 3 rl-shaped, as indicated, it will be seen that the sloping side walls of the respective caps 3 will act as deflectors in cooperation with the inclined. lower wall 8, and facilitate the discharge of air from the openings 7 of the transverse air passages. Obviously, the shape of the intersecting grooves 5 and G, which delimit the caps et may be varied as desired, and may be of any other suitable outline. The relative arrangement of the transverse pas .sages under the caps in this form, showing the passages at right angles to cach other in adjacent caps is more particularly brought out in Fig. at, where the caps are shown removed.

In Figs. 5, (i and 7, we have shown a slight modification in which the construction of the air passages under the respective caps is substantially the same as shown in Figs. 1 to 1, but in this form, the caps over the air passages are arranged in staggered form, and the horizontal or transverse air passages, under-'the respective caps are iu parallel relation. Obviously, however, the staggered arrangen'ient of the caps may be followed and yet have the transverse air passages alternately at right angles, after the manner described for the form shown in Figs. 1 to 4. In Figs. 5 to 7, the corresponding parts are given the same reference numerals as in the previously described construction, but in this case, the transverse V- grooves which delimit the side walls of the caps do not extend continuously, but only for the length of each cap, as indicated at 6'. The longitudinal grooves 5, however, correspond with the longitudinal grooves of the form shown in Fig. 1.

It is found in practice that under some conditions, the caps 3 covering the individual air passages, occasionally become burned or broken on and naturallythis inl- Lez-35,967

terferes with the uniform distribution and consuuiption of coal. lt is expensive and not always desirable to remove the entire grate bar to repair damages, and for this reason, it is preferred to provide means for removably attaching the caps covering the air passages, so that individual caps may be replaced if they should become broken or burned out. Obviously, any suitable attachmeans may be employed and if desired, the entire grate may be made up of caps re movably attached thereto. A grate bar of this character, substantially similar to the one shown in Figs. 1 to Ll, is indicated by the construction shown in Figs. 8 and 9 of the drawings. in this removable-cap construction, the caps 3 are provided with lugs 9. which, in the present instance, are indicated as a malleable strip of iron, cast with the cap 3a. The attaching lugs 9 preferably extend downward through the vertical perforations or air passages 2, and the lower ends 10 thereof are bent outward, as indicated in Fig. 8 to secure the caps to the body portion. Preferably, when this construction is adopted, the air passages 2 are provided with recesses 11, for accommodating the lugs 9, which depend from the under side of the respect-ive caps. To position the caps 3 between the walls la of the transverse air passages Ll, and prevent them turning, they are preferably provided with beads or ledges 12. The ledges or beads 12 also prevent lateral displacement of the caps in one di rection, while t-he engagement of the lugs 9 in the recesses 11 will prevent displacement in the other direction.

In the forms shown in Figs. 1, 5 and 8, of the drawings, we have shown the caps 3 and 3a as a truncated pyramid, but obviously, the shape of the caps may be varied and we have shown a slight modification in Fig. 10. In this form of cap, the upper surface 13 is curved and may be spherical or cylindrical. In this form, also, the lugs 14 for securing the caps to the body portion of the grate bar are represented as similar to wire nails, with the heads cast into the caps, so that the lugs of fastening devices become integral therewith.

lVhile we have shown our improved grate bar in the preferred form, with slight modi-- lications, it will be obvious that we do not wish to be limited to the specific details of construction, nor to any particular size, shape or arrangement of the air passages, for various modifications therein may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Vile claim 1.v A grate bar comprising a body portion. provided with a plurality of symmetrically arranged perforations for the passage of air, a corresponding plurality of caps covering said perforations, each cap forming with the body portion oit' a single transverse air passage, at right angles to said perforations, the caps being close together and having their edges beveled so that with the bevel of adjacent caps V-grooves are formed about each cap, the arrangement of the transverse air passage being such that air passing lont of said passages Will iinpinge upon the beveled side Walls of air passages of adjacent caps.

2. A grate bar comprising a body portion, provided with a plurality of vertical air passages, caps covering said vertical air passages, said caps being arranged sy1n1netrically close together and having beveled edges forming longitudinal and transverse grooves therebetween, a single air lpassage extending horizontally under each cap and in communication with the respective vertical air passages, the arrangement of said horizontal air passages being such that air passing out ot said passages enters said grooves and iinpinges against the closed Walls of the horizontal air passages of adjacent caps.

3. The grate bar as claimed in claiin 2, in which the single horizontal air passages oft the respective caps are at right angles to the single horizontal air passages of adjacent caps in each direction.

HENRY K. EILERS. MARQUIS H. LOCKVOOD, 

